allaboutdpt

Obstructive vs Restrictive Lung Disease Feature Obstructive Lung Disease Restrictive Lung Disease Definition Characterized by increased resistance to airflow , mainly during expiration Characterized by reduced lung expansion and decreased lung volumes Primary Problem Airflow limitation due to obstruction or narrowing of airways Reduced lung compliance or lung volume Examples - Asthma - Chronic bronchitis - Emphysema - COPD - Bronchiectasis - Pulmonary fibrosis - Sarcoidosis - Pneumoconiosis - Obesity - Neuromuscular disorders (e.g., ALS) - Scoliosis Lung Volumes - ↑ Total Lung Capacity (TLC) - ↑ Residual Volume (RV) - ↓ Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec (FEV₁) - ↓ TLC - ↓ RV - ↓ FEV₁ and FVC, but FEV₁/FVC ratio is normal or increased FEV₁/FVC Ratio Decreased (< 70%) Normal or Increased (> 80%) Symptoms - Prolonged expiration - Wheezing - Dyspnea (shortness of breath) - Productive cough (in chronic bronchitis)...