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What is Polymyositis? Polymyositis is a rare, chronic inflammatory muscle disease that causes muscle weakness , particularly in the muscles closest to the trunk of the body , such as the shoulders, hips, and thighs. It is classified as an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) , meaning its exact cause is unknown and it involves immune system-related muscle inflammation. Key Features of Polymyositis Symmetrical muscle weakness : Both sides of the body are affected equally. Progressive condition : Symptoms develop slowly over time. Primarily affects adults : Most common between ages 30 and 60. More common in women than in men. Causes and Risk Factors The exact cause of polymyositis is unknown, but it is considered an autoimmune disorder , where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy muscle tissue. Possible triggers include: Viral infections Genetic predisposition Autoimmune reactions Other connective tissue diseases (e.g., lupus, rheuma...