100 Important MCQs on Muscles for DPT Students (Anatomy, Physiology & Clinical Cases)
MCQs on Muscles (For DPT Students) – Set 1
Anatomy & Physiology
-
The largest muscle in the human body is:
a) Biceps brachii
b) Latissimus dorsi
c) Gluteus maximus
d) Quadriceps femoris
Answer: c -
Which muscle is known as the "calf muscle"?
a) Soleus
b) Gastrocnemius
c) Tibialis anterior
d) Peroneus longus
Answer: b -
Which muscle is responsible for chewing?
a) Masseter
b) Sternocleidomastoid
c) Orbicularis oris
d) Temporalis
Answer: a -
Which abdominal muscle is most important for trunk rotation?
a) Rectus abdominis
b) Transversus abdominis
c) Internal oblique
d) Pyramidalis
Answer: c -
Which muscle inserts into the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon?
a) Tibialis anterior
b) Soleus
c) Gastrocnemius
d) Both b & c
Answer: d -
The “rotator cuff” muscles include all EXCEPT:
a) Supraspinatus
b) Infraspinatus
c) Teres minor
d) Teres major
Answer: d -
Which muscle flexes the forearm at the elbow?
a) Triceps brachii
b) Biceps brachii
c) Deltoid
d) Latissimus dorsi
Answer: b -
Which of the following is a deep back extensor muscle?
a) Trapezius
b) Latissimus dorsi
c) Erector spinae
d) Rhomboid major
Answer: c -
Which muscle is called the "boxer’s muscle"?
a) Serratus anterior
b) Deltoid
c) Biceps brachii
d) Pectoralis minor
Answer: a -
The diaphragm is innervated by:
a) Phrenic nerve
b) Vagus nerve
c) Accessory nerve
d) Hypoglossal nerve
Answer: a
Kinesiology & Biomechanics
-
Which type of muscle contraction occurs when holding a weight without moving?
a) Concentric
b) Eccentric
c) Isometric
d) Isotonic
Answer: c -
In eccentric contraction, the muscle:
a) Shortens under load
b) Lengthens under load
c) Remains the same length
d) Relaxes completely
Answer: b -
The angle at which a muscle produces maximum torque is called:
a) Resting length
b) Optimal angle
c) Joint axis
d) Lever arm
Answer: b -
Which lever system is most common in the human body?
a) First-class
b) Second-class
c) Third-class
d) Fourth-class
Answer: c -
Which muscle is the primary agonist in hip extension?
a) Rectus femoris
b) Gluteus maximus
c) Sartorius
d) Tensor fasciae latae
Answer: b
Clinical Relevance
-
Which condition is caused by inflammation of the plantar fascia?
a) Shin splints
b) Plantar fasciitis
c) Achilles tendinitis
d) Flat foot
Answer: b -
Damage to the radial nerve causes weakness in which movement?
a) Shoulder abduction
b) Elbow flexion
c) Wrist extension
d) Hip flexion
Answer: c -
A patient unable to raise the arm above the shoulder may have injury to:
a) Axillary nerve
b) Long thoracic nerve
c) Suprascapular nerve
d) Accessory nerve
Answer: b -
“Tennis elbow” involves injury to:
a) Flexor carpi radialis
b) Extensor carpi radialis brevis
c) Brachialis
d) Pronator teres
Answer: b -
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is due to deficiency of:
a) Troponin
b) Tropomyosin
c) Dystrophin
d) Actin
Answer: c
Lower Limb Muscles
-
The quadriceps femoris group includes all EXCEPT:
a) Rectus femoris
b) Vastus medialis
c) Vastus lateralis
d) Biceps femoris
Answer: d -
Which muscle is the primary dorsiflexor of the ankle?
a) Tibialis anterior
b) Gastrocnemius
c) Soleus
d) Peroneus longus
Answer: a -
Which muscle forms the bulk of the medial thigh (adductor group)?
a) Adductor magnus
b) Gracilis
c) Sartorius
d) Pectineus
Answer: a -
Which hamstring muscle also assists in hip extension?
a) Biceps femoris (long head)
b) Semitendinosus
c) Semimembranosus
d) All of the above
Answer: d -
Which muscle unlocks the knee joint during flexion?
a) Popliteus
b) Gastrocnemius
c) Soleus
d) Quadriceps
Answer: a -
Weakness of the gluteus medius leads to:
a) Trendelenburg gait
b) Circumduction gait
c) Steppage gait
d) Scissor gait
Answer: a -
The longest muscle in the human body is:
a) Sartorius
b) Rectus femoris
c) Biceps femoris
d) Adductor longus
Answer: a -
Which muscle is responsible for “foot eversion”?
a) Tibialis posterior
b) Tibialis anterior
c) Peroneus longus
d) Soleus
Answer: c -
Injury to the common peroneal nerve causes:
a) Foot drop
b) Trendelenburg gait
c) Claw toes
d) Equinus deformity
Answer: a -
Which muscle is the main plantar flexor of the foot?
a) Tibialis anterior
b) Gastrocnemius
c) Peroneus tertius
d) Extensor hallucis longus
Answer: b
Rehabilitation & Exercise
-
In closed-chain knee extension, which muscle works eccentrically to control flexion?
a) Quadriceps
b) Hamstrings
c) Gastrocnemius
d) Gluteus maximus
Answer: a -
During sit-to-stand, the main agonist at the hip is:
a) Gluteus maximus
b) Iliopsoas
c) Rectus femoris
d) Adductor longus
Answer: a -
Which exercise best strengthens the quadriceps without stressing the knee joint?
a) Straight leg raise
b) Deep squats
c) Lunges
d) Step-ups
Answer: a -
The muscle targeted in heel raises is primarily:
a) Tibialis anterior
b) Gastrocnemius-soleus complex
c) Quadriceps
d) Hamstrings
Answer: b -
Which muscle is strengthened by “clamshell” exercise?
a) Gluteus maximus
b) Gluteus medius
c) Quadriceps
d) Piriformis
Answer: b
Clinical Relevance
-
Weak quadriceps in stroke patients often lead to:
a) Knee hyperextension
b) Hip drop
c) Foot drop
d) Knee valgus
Answer: a -
In polio, weakness of tibialis anterior causes:
a) Foot drop
b) Toe clawing
c) Flat foot
d) Trendelenburg gait
Answer: a -
In cerebral palsy, spasticity of gastrocnemius leads to:
a) Equinus deformity
b) Calcaneus deformity
c) Flat foot
d) Trendelenburg gait
Answer: a -
Injury to the obturator nerve affects which movement?
a) Hip flexion
b) Hip adduction
c) Hip abduction
d) Knee extension
Answer: b -
A patient with hip fracture is most likely to show weakness in:
a) Gluteus maximus
b) Gluteus medius
c) Iliopsoas
d) Hamstrings
Answer: c
Upper Limb Muscles
-
Which muscle is the primary abductor of the shoulder joint?
a) Supraspinatus
b) Deltoid (middle fibers)
c) Infraspinatus
d) Subscapularis
Answer: b -
The initial 15° of shoulder abduction is performed by:
a) Deltoid
b) Supraspinatus
c) Teres major
d) Trapezius
Answer: b -
Which muscle is known as the “lat pull-down muscle”?
a) Latissimus dorsi
b) Pectoralis major
c) Deltoid
d) Serratus anterior
Answer: a -
Which muscle is the strongest flexor of the elbow?
a) Biceps brachii
b) Brachialis
c) Brachioradialis
d) Pronator teres
Answer: b -
The “push-up” exercise primarily strengthens:
a) Biceps brachii
b) Pectoralis major and triceps
c) Latissimus dorsi
d) Deltoid
Answer: b -
Which muscle causes pronation of the forearm?
a) Supinator
b) Brachioradialis
c) Pronator teres
d) Triceps brachii
Answer: c -
The muscle responsible for opposition of the thumb is:
a) Abductor pollicis longus
b) Flexor pollicis brevis
c) Opponens pollicis
d) Adductor pollicis
Answer: c -
Which muscle elevates the scapula?
a) Serratus anterior
b) Levator scapulae
c) Subscapularis
d) Infraspinatus
Answer: b -
Which muscle inserts into the coracoid process?
a) Pectoralis minor
b) Biceps brachii (short head)
c) Coracobrachialis
d) All of the above
Answer: d -
Which nerve supplies the deltoid muscle?
a) Axillary nerve
b) Radial nerve
c) Ulnar nerve
d) Musculocutaneous nerve
Answer: a
Rehabilitation & Exercise
-
Scapular winging is due to weakness of:
a) Trapezius
b) Serratus anterior
c) Rhomboid major
d) Deltoid
Answer: b -
Wall-slide exercise is best for strengthening which muscle?
a) Quadriceps
b) Serratus anterior
c) Triceps
d) Biceps brachii
Answer: b -
Strengthening of rotator cuff muscles prevents:
a) Shoulder dislocation
b) Hip drop
c) Foot drop
d) Tennis elbow
Answer: a -
Which exercise strengthens elbow extensors?
a) Bicep curls
b) Push-ups
c) Triceps dips
d) Wrist curls
Answer: c -
The best closed-chain exercise for shoulder stability is:
a) Wall push-ups
b) Dumbbell press
c) Biceps curl
d) Overhead throw
Answer: a
Clinical Relevance
-
Injury to the long thoracic nerve results in:
a) Scapular winging
b) Wrist drop
c) Claw hand
d) Ape thumb
Answer: a -
Radial nerve injury causes:
a) Wrist drop
b) Foot drop
c) Trendelenburg gait
d) Knee buckling
Answer: a -
Ulnar nerve palsy leads to:
a) Wrist drop
b) Claw hand
c) Scissor gait
d) Foot inversion weakness
Answer: b -
Median nerve injury at the wrist results in:
a) Ape thumb deformity
b) Claw hand
c) Drop shoulder
d) Trendelenburg gait
Answer: a -
Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) is caused by overuse of:
a) Extensor carpi radialis brevis
b) Flexor carpi radialis
c) Biceps brachii
d) Supinator
Answer: a
Trunk & Postural Muscles
-
The main muscle for trunk flexion is:
a) Transversus abdominis
b) Rectus abdominis
c) External oblique
d) Erector spinae
Answer: b -
Which muscle is known as the “corset muscle” of the abdomen?
a) Rectus abdominis
b) External oblique
c) Transversus abdominis
d) Internal oblique
Answer: c -
The erector spinae group includes all EXCEPT:
a) Iliocostalis
b) Longissimus
c) Spinalis
d) Quadratus lumborum
Answer: d -
Which deep back muscle is most important for posture?
a) Erector spinae
b) Multifidus
c) Latissimus dorsi
d) Trapezius
Answer: b -
Which muscle is primarily responsible for trunk rotation?
a) Rectus abdominis
b) External oblique
c) Iliopsoas
d) Quadratus lumborum
Answer: b -
Weak abdominal muscles commonly lead to:
a) Kyphosis
b) Scoliosis
c) Lordosis
d) Flat back
Answer: c -
Quadratus lumborum helps in:
a) Trunk extension
b) Trunk rotation
c) Lateral flexion of the trunk
d) Hip adduction
Answer: c -
Which muscle stabilizes the lumbar spine during lifting?
a) Rectus abdominis
b) Transversus abdominis
c) Trapezius
d) Sternocleidomastoid
Answer: b -
Which muscle assists in Valsalva maneuver?
a) Diaphragm
b) Abdominal wall muscles
c) Pelvic floor muscles
d) All of the above
Answer: d -
Which back muscle is commonly injured in lifting heavy weights incorrectly?
a) Multifidus
b) Erector spinae
c) Quadratus lumborum
d) Trapezius
Answer: b
Respiratory Muscles
-
The primary muscle of respiration is:
a) Diaphragm
b) Intercostals
c) Serratus anterior
d) Pectoralis major
Answer: a -
Which muscles assist in forced inspiration?
a) External intercostals
b) Sternocleidomastoid
c) Scalenes
d) All of the above
Answer: d -
Which muscles assist in forced expiration?
a) Diaphragm
b) Internal intercostals and abdominals
c) Sternocleidomastoid
d) Scalenes
Answer: b -
Diaphragm contraction results in:
a) Decreased thoracic volume
b) Increased thoracic volume
c) Expiration
d) Passive recoil
Answer: b -
The accessory muscle of respiration commonly overused in COPD is:
a) Sternocleidomastoid
b) Latissimus dorsi
c) Trapezius
d) Gluteus maximus
Answer: a
Clinical Relevance: Posture & Dysfunction
-
Weakness of which muscle causes forward head posture?
a) Sternocleidomastoid
b) Deep cervical flexors
c) Upper trapezius
d) Levator scapulae
Answer: b -
Tightness of which muscle contributes to rounded shoulders?
a) Pectoralis major and minor
b) Rhomboids
c) Serratus anterior
d) Erector spinae
Answer: a -
Scoliosis is due to:
a) Lateral curvature of spine
b) Excessive lumbar lordosis
c) Excessive thoracic kyphosis
d) Vertebral compression fracture
Answer: a -
Weak gluteus maximus leads to which compensatory posture during gait?
a) Forward trunk lean
b) Backward trunk lean
c) Lateral trunk lean
d) Pelvic drop
Answer: b -
In low back pain rehabilitation, which muscle is most targeted for stabilization?
a) Transversus abdominis
b) Rectus abdominis
c) Erector spinae
d) Pectoralis major
Answer: a
Trunk & Postural Muscles
-
The main muscle for trunk flexion is:
a) Transversus abdominis
b) Rectus abdominis
c) External oblique
d) Erector spinae
Answer: b -
Which muscle is known as the “corset muscle” of the abdomen?
a) Rectus abdominis
b) External oblique
c) Transversus abdominis
d) Internal oblique
Answer: c -
The erector spinae group includes all EXCEPT:
a) Iliocostalis
b) Longissimus
c) Spinalis
d) Quadratus lumborum
Answer: d -
Which deep back muscle is most important for posture?
a) Erector spinae
b) Multifidus
c) Latissimus dorsi
d) Trapezius
Answer: b -
Which muscle is primarily responsible for trunk rotation?
a) Rectus abdominis
b) External oblique
c) Iliopsoas
d) Quadratus lumborum
Answer: b -
Weak abdominal muscles commonly lead to:
a) Kyphosis
b) Scoliosis
c) Lordosis
d) Flat back
Answer: c -
Quadratus lumborum helps in:
a) Trunk extension
b) Trunk rotation
c) Lateral flexion of the trunk
d) Hip adduction
Answer: c -
Which muscle stabilizes the lumbar spine during lifting?
a) Rectus abdominis
b) Transversus abdominis
c) Trapezius
d) Sternocleidomastoid
Answer: b -
Which muscle assists in Valsalva maneuver?
a) Diaphragm
b) Abdominal wall muscles
c) Pelvic floor muscles
d) All of the above
Answer: d -
Which back muscle is commonly injured in lifting heavy weights incorrectly?
a) Multifidus
b) Erector spinae
c) Quadratus lumborum
d) Trapezius
Answer: b
Respiratory Muscles
-
The primary muscle of respiration is:
a) Diaphragm
b) Intercostals
c) Serratus anterior
d) Pectoralis major
Answer: a -
Which muscles assist in forced inspiration?
a) External intercostals
b) Sternocleidomastoid
c) Scalenes
d) All of the above
Answer: d -
Which muscles assist in forced expiration?
a) Diaphragm
b) Internal intercostals and abdominals
c) Sternocleidomastoid
d) Scalenes
Answer: b -
Diaphragm contraction results in:
a) Decreased thoracic volume
b) Increased thoracic volume
c) Expiration
d) Passive recoil
Answer: b -
The accessory muscle of respiration commonly overused in COPD is:
a) Sternocleidomastoid
b) Latissimus dorsi
c) Trapezius
d) Gluteus maximus
Answer: a
Clinical Relevance: Posture & Dysfunction
-
Weakness of which muscle causes forward head posture?
a) Sternocleidomastoid
b) Deep cervical flexors
c) Upper trapezius
d) Levator scapulae
Answer: b -
Tightness of which muscle contributes to rounded shoulders?
a) Pectoralis major and minor
b) Rhomboids
c) Serratus anterior
d) Erector spinae
Answer: a -
Scoliosis is due to:
a) Lateral curvature of spine
b) Excessive lumbar lordosis
c) Excessive thoracic kyphosis
d) Vertebral compression fracture
Answer: a -
Weak gluteus maximus leads to which compensatory posture during gait?
a) Forward trunk lean
b) Backward trunk lean
c) Lateral trunk lean
d) Pelvic drop
Answer: b -
In low back pain rehabilitation, which muscle is most targeted for stabilization?
a) Transversus abdominis
b) Rectus abdominis
c) Erector spinae
d) Pectoralis major
Answer: a
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